Nocturnal enuresis occurs most often in young subjects. Before the age of 6, it should not be considered pathological. It becomes rare at puberty. It is traditional to distinguish primary enuresis from secondary enuresis (defined by enuresis in patients who have not had a problem with urinary incontinence before). These are the dysfunctions of the sleep cycles. They can be classified into three groups.
Dyssomnias: disturbing disorders the quality or duration of sleep. These are insomnia of psychological origin (inability to sleep at night), altitude, related to the indigestion of substances (alcohol), narcolepsy (sudden sleep can intervene at any time of the day).
Parasomnias: abnormal behaviour during sleep but without significant disturbance or impairment of alertness during the day. They include nocturnal terrors, sleepwalking, nocturnal bruxism, sleep apnea (involuntary stops of breathing, “apnea”, during sleep).
Sleep disorders of psychiatric, neurological or other diseases (e.g. depression). It concerns about 30% of the adult population.
Sleep cycles:
Sleep consists of the succession of cycles starting with slow sleep and ending with REM sleep.
- Slow sleep is composed of four stages:
stages 1 and 2 correspond to light sleep: during stage 1, it is possible to be woken up by the slightest sound and one has the impression not to sleep; during stage 2, brain activity gradually decreases, muscles relax, heart slows down
- Stages 3 and 4 correspond to deep sleep, during which the brain is no longer sensitive to external stimuli. It is during this phase that the organs reconstitute their energy reserves.
Paradoxical sleep then arrives with a brain activity that becomes intense again, eye movements in saccades. It is during this phase that the majority of dreams occur.
- The distribution varies during the night: the beginning of night contains more deep sleep and in the second part of the night, the lights sleep and paradoxal are more important.
How is it explained?
The causes of insomnia are numerous. They can be linked to a fragile psychological state (anxiety, stress, depression) or to the abuse of various substances (alcohol, coffee, medicines). The hygiene of life, the work in staggered hours or the work overload can also be explanatory factors. In addition, much pathology can cause episodes of insomnia (asthma, hyperthyroidism, allergies). The use of Balance CBD has also come up to be quite effective now.
What are the symptoms?
Insomnia results in difficulties falling asleep, multiple awakenings in the night and an early morning awakening. It is called chronic or severe when it occurs more than three times a week for more than three months. The anxious person usually can not relax at bedtime because they rehash their day and their concerns. The stressed individual feels sleepy from 4 to 5 o’clock in the morning. Finally, a depressed person is often the victim of early awakenings in the middle and late at night.
What to do in case of sleep disorder?
Insomnia is a signal from the body that needs to alert. We must find the cause and consult a doctor to treat it. In case of difficulty sleeping, it is useless to stay awake in bed more than twenty minutes. It is better to get up and do something else. Similarly, it is desirable to get up in the morning as soon as you are awake. Finally, during the day, the nap should not exceed twenty minutes.
